Unless otherwise configured, the client libraries use Application Default Credentials to authenticate with Google Cloud Services. While this works for most applications, in some cases you may need to override this default. You can do so by providing the UnifiedCredentialsOption The following example shows how to explicitly load a service account key file:
[](std::string const& keyfile) {
auto is = std::ifstream(keyfile);
is.exceptions(std::ios::badbit); // Minimal error handling in examples
auto contents = std::string(std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(is.rdbuf()), {});
auto options =
google::cloud::Options{}.set<google::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption>(
google::cloud::MakeServiceAccountCredentials(contents));
return google::cloud::appengine_v1::ApplicationsClient(
google::cloud::appengine_v1::MakeApplicationsConnection(options));
}
Follow these links to find examples for other *Client classes:
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Missing the information I need","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Too complicated / too many steps","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Out of date","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Samples / code issue","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-08-14 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis document details how to override the default Application Default Credentials (ADC) for authenticating with Google Cloud Services.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eYou can override the default credentials by using the \u003ccode\u003eUnifiedCredentialsOption\u003c/code\u003e and providing a service account key file.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe provided example demonstrates loading a service account key file to create a \u003ccode\u003eUnifiedCredentialsOption\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eExamples for other \u003ccode\u003e*Client\u003c/code\u003e classes like \u003ccode\u003eappengine_v1::ApplicationsClient\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eappengine_v1::AuthorizedCertificatesClient\u003c/code\u003e, and more are available.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe latest version is 2.37.0-rc, and various versions are available for reference from 2.36.0 down to 2.11.0, each version relating to overriding authentication.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["Version 2.30.0keyboard_arrow_down\n\n- [2.42.0-rc (latest)](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/latest/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.41.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.41.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.40.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.40.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.39.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.39.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.38.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.38.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.37.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.37.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.36.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.36.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.35.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.35.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.34.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.34.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.33.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.33.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.32.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.32.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.31.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.31.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.30.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.30.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.29.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.29.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.28.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.28.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.27.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.27.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.26.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.26.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.25.1](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.25.1/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.24.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.24.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.23.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.23.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.22.1](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.22.1/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.21.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.21.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.20.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.20.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.19.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.19.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.18.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.18.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.17.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.17.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.16.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.16.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.15.1](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.15.1/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.14.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.14.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.13.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.13.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.12.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.12.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.11.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.11.0/appengine-override-authentication) \n\nHow to Override the Authentication Credentials\n==============================================\n\nUnless otherwise configured, the client libraries use [Application Default Credentials](https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication#adc) to authenticate with Google Cloud Services. While this works for most applications, in some cases you may need to override this default. You can do so by providing the [UnifiedCredentialsOption](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/structgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1UnifiedCredentialsOption.html) The following example shows how to explicitly load a service account key file: \n\n [](std::string const& keyfile) {\n auto is = std::ifstream(keyfile);\n is.exceptions(std::ios::badbit); // Minimal error handling in examples\n auto contents = std::string(std::istreambuf_iterator\u003cchar\u003e(is.rdbuf()), {});\n auto options =\n google::cloud::Options{}.set\u003cgoogle::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption\u003e(\n google::cloud::MakeServiceAccountCredentials(contents));\n return google::cloud::appengine_v1::ApplicationsClient(\n google::cloud::appengine_v1::MakeApplicationsConnection(options));\n }\n\nFollow these links to find examples for other `*Client` classes:\n\n- [`appengine_v1::ApplicationsClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.30.0/appengine_v1_1_1ApplicationsClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::AuthorizedCertificatesClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.30.0/appengine_v1_1_1AuthorizedCertificatesClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::AuthorizedDomainsClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.30.0/appengine_v1_1_1AuthorizedDomainsClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::DomainMappingsClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.30.0/appengine_v1_1_1DomainMappingsClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::FirewallClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.30.0/appengine_v1_1_1FirewallClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::InstancesClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.30.0/appengine_v1_1_1InstancesClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::ServicesClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.30.0/appengine_v1_1_1ServicesClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::VersionsClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.30.0/appengine_v1_1_1VersionsClient-service-account-snippet)\n\nKeep in mind that we chose this as an example because it is relatively easy to understand. Consult the [Best practices for managing service account keys](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/best-practices-for-managing-service-account-keys) guide for more details.\n\n###### See Also\n\n[Authentication Components](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/group__guac.html) - for more information on the factory functions to create [`google::cloud::Credentials`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Credentials.html) objects."]]