Unless otherwise configured, the client libraries use Application Default Credentials to authenticate with Google Cloud Services. While this works for most applications, in some cases you may need to override this default. You can do so by providing the UnifiedCredentialsOption The following example shows how to explicitly load a service account key file:
[](std::string const& keyfile) {
auto is = std::ifstream(keyfile);
is.exceptions(std::ios::badbit); // Minimal error handling in examples
auto contents = std::string(std::istreambuf_iterator<char>(is.rdbuf()), {});
auto options =
google::cloud::Options{}.set<google::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption>(
google::cloud::MakeServiceAccountCredentials(contents));
return google::cloud::appengine_v1::ApplicationsClient(
google::cloud::appengine_v1::MakeApplicationsConnection(options));
}
Follow these links to find examples for other *Client classes:
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Missing the information I need","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Too complicated / too many steps","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Out of date","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Samples / code issue","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-08-14 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis page provides documentation for overriding default authentication credentials when using Google Cloud client libraries, specifically focusing on versions of App Engine.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eBy default, client libraries use Application Default Credentials, but you can override this behavior by employing the \u003ccode\u003eUnifiedCredentialsOption\u003c/code\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe documentation demonstrates how to explicitly load a service account key file for authentication using the \u003ccode\u003eMakeServiceAccountCredentials\u003c/code\u003e function.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe documentation lists multiple links to examples for various client classes that fall under appengine_v1, detailing how to override credentials for each.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe latest release listed in this documentation is version 2.37.0-rc and the earliest listed is 2.11.0.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["Version 2.34.0keyboard_arrow_down\n\n- [2.42.0-rc (latest)](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/latest/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.41.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.41.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.40.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.40.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.39.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.39.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.38.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.38.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.37.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.37.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.36.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.36.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.35.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.35.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.34.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.34.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.33.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.33.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.32.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.32.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.31.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.31.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.30.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.30.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.29.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.29.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.28.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.28.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.27.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.27.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.26.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.26.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.25.1](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.25.1/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.24.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.24.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.23.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.23.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.22.1](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.22.1/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.21.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.21.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.20.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.20.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.19.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.19.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.18.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.18.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.17.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.17.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.16.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.16.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.15.1](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.15.1/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.14.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.14.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.13.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.13.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.12.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.12.0/appengine-override-authentication)\n- [2.11.0](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.11.0/appengine-override-authentication) \n\nHow to Override the Authentication Credentials\n==============================================\n\nUnless otherwise configured, the client libraries use [Application Default Credentials](https://cloud.google.com/docs/authentication#adc) to authenticate with Google Cloud Services. While this works for most applications, in some cases you may need to override this default. You can do so by providing the [UnifiedCredentialsOption](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/structgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1UnifiedCredentialsOption.html) The following example shows how to explicitly load a service account key file: \n\n [](std::string const& keyfile) {\n auto is = std::ifstream(keyfile);\n is.exceptions(std::ios::badbit); // Minimal error handling in examples\n auto contents = std::string(std::istreambuf_iterator\u003cchar\u003e(is.rdbuf()), {});\n auto options =\n google::cloud::Options{}.set\u003cgoogle::cloud::UnifiedCredentialsOption\u003e(\n google::cloud::MakeServiceAccountCredentials(contents));\n return google::cloud::appengine_v1::ApplicationsClient(\n google::cloud::appengine_v1::MakeApplicationsConnection(options));\n }\n\nFollow these links to find examples for other `*Client` classes:\n\n- [`appengine_v1::ApplicationsClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.34.0/appengine_v1_1_1ApplicationsClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::AuthorizedCertificatesClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.34.0/appengine_v1_1_1AuthorizedCertificatesClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::AuthorizedDomainsClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.34.0/appengine_v1_1_1AuthorizedDomainsClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::DomainMappingsClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.34.0/appengine_v1_1_1DomainMappingsClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::FirewallClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.34.0/appengine_v1_1_1FirewallClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::InstancesClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.34.0/appengine_v1_1_1InstancesClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::ServicesClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.34.0/appengine_v1_1_1ServicesClient-service-account-snippet)\n- [`appengine_v1::VersionsClient`](/cpp/docs/reference/appengine/2.34.0/appengine_v1_1_1VersionsClient-service-account-snippet)\n\nKeep in mind that we chose this as an example because it is relatively easy to understand. Consult the [Best practices for managing service account keys](https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/best-practices-for-managing-service-account-keys) guide for more details.\n\n###### See Also\n\n[Authentication Components](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/group__guac.html) - for more information on the factory functions to create [`google::cloud::Credentials`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1Credentials.html) objects."]]