This interface defines pure-virtual methods for each of the user-facing overload sets in Table. This allows users to inject custom behavior (e.g., with a Google Mock object) in a Table object for use in their own tests.
This class opens a number of gRPC Channels upon its construction. These channels each initiate a connection to the Cloud Bigtable service. This is a relatively slow operation that can take milliseconds, so applications are advised to reuse DataConnection objects when possible.
The exact number of channels can be configured with the google::cloud::GrpcNumChannelsOption. If this option is not set, the class creates between 1 and 64 channels. The specific algorithm and number of channels is an implementation detail, and subject to change without notice.
Each request sent from the client library cycles through the channels in the connection pool in a round robin fashion.
Unused gRPC channels can enter an idle state. Refreshing them during a request may incur additional latency. To avoid this, the client library keeps connections open by refreshing the channels in a background thread. Advanced users can configure the frequency of the refreshes, or disable this feature, by using bigtable::MinConnectionRefreshOption and bigtable::MaxConnectionRefreshOption.
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Missing the information I need","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Too complicated / too many steps","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Out of date","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Samples / code issue","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-08-14 UTC."],[[["\u003cp\u003eThis page details the \u003ccode\u003eDataConnection\u003c/code\u003e class for the Cloud Bigtable Data API in C++, defining its interface and methods for interacting with the service.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe \u003ccode\u003eDataConnection\u003c/code\u003e class manages a pool of gRPC channels to connect to Cloud Bigtable, optimizing connection reuse and offering configuration options for the number of channels and connection refresh behavior.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe class provides virtual methods for performing operations like \u003ccode\u003eApply\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eBulkApply\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eReadRows\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eReadRow\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eCheckAndMutateRow\u003c/code\u003e, \u003ccode\u003eSampleRows\u003c/code\u003e, and \u003ccode\u003eReadModifyWriteRow\u003c/code\u003e, along with their asynchronous counterparts.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eIt has a number of versions, with the latest being 2.37.0-rc and the currently displayed version being 2.29.0, with documentation available for each.\u003c/p\u003e\n"],["\u003cp\u003eThe DataConnection allows for custom behavior injection and mocking, as well as advanced features such as connection pool management, channel configuration and refreshing.\u003c/p\u003e\n"]]],[],null,["# Class DataConnection (2.29.0)\n\nVersion 2.29.0keyboard_arrow_down\n\n- [2.42.0-rc (latest)](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/latest/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.41.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.41.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.40.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.40.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.39.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.39.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.38.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.38.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.37.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.37.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.36.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.36.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.35.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.35.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.34.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.34.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.33.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.33.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.32.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.32.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.31.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.31.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.30.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.30.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.29.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.29.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.28.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.28.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.27.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.27.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.26.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.26.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.25.1](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.25.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.24.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.24.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.23.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.23.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.22.1](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.22.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.21.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.21.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.20.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.20.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.19.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.19.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.18.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.18.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.17.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.17.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.16.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.16.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.15.1](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.15.1/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.14.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.14.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.13.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.13.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.12.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.12.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection)\n- [2.11.0](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.11.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection) \nA connection to the Cloud Bigtable Data API. \nThis interface defines pure-virtual methods for each of the user-facing overload sets in [`Table`](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.29.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1Table). This allows users to inject custom behavior (e.g., with a Google Mock object) in a [`Table`](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.29.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1Table) object for use in their own tests.\n\nTo create a concrete instance, see [`MakeDataConnection()`](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.29.0/namespacegoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable).\n\nFor mocking, see [`bigtable_mocks::MockDataConnection`](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.29.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable__mocks_1_1MockDataConnection).\n\n###### Connection Pool\n\nThis class opens a number of [gRPC Channels](https://grpc.io/docs/what-is-grpc/core-concepts/#channels) upon its construction. These channels each initiate a connection to the Cloud Bigtable service. This is a relatively slow operation that can take milliseconds, so applications are advised to reuse [`DataConnection`](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.29.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection) objects when possible.\nThe exact number of channels can be configured with the [`google::cloud::GrpcNumChannelsOption`](https://cloud.google.com/cpp/docs/reference/common/latest/structgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1GrpcNumChannelsOption.html). If this option is not set, the class creates between 1 and 64 channels. The specific algorithm and number of channels is an implementation detail, and subject to change without notice.\n\nEach request sent from the client library cycles through the channels in the connection pool in a round robin fashion.\n\nUnused gRPC channels can enter an idle state. Refreshing them during a request may incur additional latency. To avoid this, the client library keeps connections open by refreshing the channels in a background thread. Advanced users can configure the frequency of the refreshes, or disable this feature, by using [`bigtable::MinConnectionRefreshOption`](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.29.0/structgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1MinConnectionRefreshOption) and [`bigtable::MaxConnectionRefreshOption`](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.29.0/structgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1MaxConnectionRefreshOption).\n\nFunctions\n---------\n\n### virtual options()\n\n### virtual Apply(std::string const \\&, SingleRowMutation)\n\n### virtual AsyncApply(std::string const \\&, SingleRowMutation)\n\n### virtual BulkApply(std::string const \\&, BulkMutation)\n\n### virtual AsyncBulkApply(std::string const \\&, BulkMutation)\n\n### virtual ReadRows(std::string const \\&, RowSet, std::int64_t, Filter)\n\nPrefer to use [`ReadRowsFull()`](/cpp/docs/reference/bigtable/2.29.0/classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection#classgoogle_1_1cloud_1_1bigtable_1_1DataConnection_1a6d020c8d2a384ab2c09ee643aa01900e) in mocks.\n\n### virtual ReadRowsFull(ReadRowsParams)\n\n### virtual ReadRow(std::string const \\&, std::string, Filter)\n\n### virtual CheckAndMutateRow(std::string const \\&, std::string, Filter, std::vector\\\u003c Mutation \\\u003e, std::vector\\\u003c Mutation \\\u003e)\n\n### virtual AsyncCheckAndMutateRow(std::string const \\&, std::string, Filter, std::vector\\\u003c Mutation \\\u003e, std::vector\\\u003c Mutation \\\u003e)\n\n### virtual SampleRows(std::string const \\&)\n\n### virtual AsyncSampleRows(std::string const \\&)\n\n### virtual ReadModifyWriteRow(google::bigtable::v2::ReadModifyWriteRowRequest)\n\n### virtual AsyncReadModifyWriteRow(google::bigtable::v2::ReadModifyWriteRowRequest)\n\n### virtual AsyncReadRows(std::string const \\&, std::function\\\u003c future\\\u003c bool \\\u003e(Row)\\\u003e, std::function\\\u003c void(Status)\\\u003e, RowSet, std::int64_t, Filter)\n\n### virtual AsyncReadRow(std::string const \\&, std::string, Filter)"]]