이 페이지의 일부 또는 전체 정보는 S3NS의 신뢰할 수 있는 클라우드에 적용되지 않을 수 있습니다.

클라이언트 라이브러리를 사용하여 역할 부여

Resource Manager API에서 좋아하는 프로그래밍 언어로 IAM 메서드를 시작하는 방법을 알아봅니다.

시작하기 전에

Trusted Cloud 프로젝트 만들기

이 빠른 시작에서는 새 Trusted Cloud 프로젝트가 필요합니다.

Install the Google Cloud CLI.
gcloud CLI에서 제휴 ID를 사용하도록 구성합니다.

자세한 내용은 제휴 ID로 gcloud CLI에 로그인을 참조하세요.
gcloud CLI를 초기화하려면, 다음 명령어를 실행합니다.
```
gcloud init
```
Create or select a Trusted Cloud project.

Note: If you don't plan to keep the resources that you create in this procedure, create a project instead of selecting an existing project. After you finish these steps, you can delete the project, removing all resources associated with the project.
- Create a Trusted Cloud project:
```
gcloud projects create PROJECT_ID
```
  Replace PROJECT_ID with a name for the Trusted Cloud project you are creating.
- Select the Trusted Cloud project that you created:
```
gcloud config set project PROJECT_ID
```
  Replace PROJECT_ID with your Trusted Cloud project name.

Enable the Resource Manager API:

gcloud services enable cloudresourcemanager.googleapis.com

Create local authentication credentials for your user account:
```
gcloud auth application-default login
```
If an authentication error is returned, and you are using an external identity provider (IdP), confirm that you have signed in to the gcloud CLI with your federated identity.
Grant roles to your user account. Run the following command once for each of the following IAM roles: roles/resourcemanager.projectIamAdmin
```
gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding PROJECT_ID --member="user:USER_IDENTIFIER" --role=ROLE
```
Replace the following:
- PROJECT_ID: your project ID.
- USER_IDENTIFIER: the identifier for your user account. For examples, see Represent workforce pool users in IAM policies.
- ROLE: the IAM role that you grant to your user account.

클라이언트 라이브러리 설치

C#

C# 개발 환경 설정에 관한 자세한 내용은 C# 개발 환경 설정 가이드를 참조하세요.

install-package Google.Apis.Iam.v1
install-package Google.Apis.CloudResourceManager.v1

Go

go get golang.org/x/oauth2/google
go get google.golang.org/api/cloudresourcemanager/v1

Java

자바 개발 환경 설정에 관한 자세한 내용은 자바 개발 환경 설정 가이드를 참조하세요.

Maven을 사용하는 경우 pom.xml 파일에 다음을 추가합니다.

<dependency>
  <groupId>com.google.apis</groupId>
  <artifactId>google-api-services-cloudresourcemanager</artifactId>
  <version>v3-rev20240128-2.0.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.google.auth</groupId>
  <artifactId>google-auth-library-oauth2-http</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.google.http-client</groupId>
  <artifactId>google-http-client-jackson2</artifactId>
</dependency>
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.google.apis</groupId>
  <artifactId>google-api-services-iam</artifactId>
  <version>v1-rev20240118-2.0.0</version>
</dependency>

Python

Python 개발 환경 설정에 관한 자세한 내용은 Python 개발 환경 설정 가이드를 참조하세요.

pip install --upgrade google-api-python-client google-auth google-auth-httplib2

허용 정책 읽기, 수정, 쓰기

이 빠른 시작의 코드 스니펫은 다음 작업을 수행합니다.

Trusted Cloud프로젝트를 관리하는 Resource Manager 서비스를 초기화합니다.
프로젝트의 허용 정책을 읽습니다.
Google 계정에 로그 작성자 역할(roles/logging.logWriter)을 부여하여 허용 정책을 수정합니다.
업데이트된 허용 정책을 작성합니다.
프로젝트 수준에서 로그 작성자 역할(roles/logging.logWriter)이 있는 모든 주 구성원을 출력합니다.
로그 작성자 역할을 취소합니다.

코드 스니펫을 실행하기 전에 다음 값을 바꿉니다.

your-project: 프로젝트의 ID입니다.
your-member: 사용자 계정의 이메일 주소입니다. 예를 들면 principal://iam.googleapis.com/locations/global/workforcePools/my-pool/subject/my-user@example.com입니다.

C#

Resource Manager에 대해 클라이언트 라이브러리를 설치하고 사용하는 방법은 Resource Manager 클라이언트 라이브러리를 참조하세요. 자세한 내용은 Resource Manager C# API 참고 문서를 확인하세요.

Resource Manager에 인증하려면 애플리케이션 기본 사용자 인증 정보를 설정합니다. 자세한 내용은 로컬 개발 환경의 인증 설정을 참조하세요.

코드 샘플을 실행하기 전에 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 환경 변수를 s3nsapis.fr으로 설정합니다.


using Google.Apis.Auth.OAuth2;
using Google.Apis.CloudResourceManager.v1;
using Google.Apis.CloudResourceManager.v1.Data;
using Google.Apis.Iam.v1;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;

public class QuickStart
{
    public static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        // TODO: Replace with your project ID
        var projectId = "your-project";
        // TODO: Replace with the ID of your principal.
        // For examples, see https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/principal-identifiers
        var member = "your-principal";
        // Role to be granted
        var role = "roles/logging.logWriter";

        // Initialize service
        CloudResourceManagerService crmService = InitializeService();

        // Grant your principal the "Log Writer" role for your project
        AddBinding(crmService, projectId, member, role);

        // Get the project's policy and print all principals with the the "Log Writer" role
        var policy = GetPolicy(crmService, projectId);
        var binding = policy.Bindings.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Role == role);
        Console.WriteLine("Role: " + binding.Role);
        Console.Write("Members: ");
        foreach (var m in binding.Members)
        {
            Console.Write("[" + m + "] ");
        }
        Console.WriteLine();

        // Remove principal from the "Log Writer" role
        RemoveMember(crmService, projectId, member, role);
    }

    public static CloudResourceManagerService InitializeService()
    {
        // Get credentials
        var credential = GoogleCredential.GetApplicationDefault()
            .CreateScoped(IamService.Scope.CloudPlatform);

        // Create the Cloud Resource Manager service object
        CloudResourceManagerService crmService = new CloudResourceManagerService(
            new CloudResourceManagerService.Initializer
            {
                HttpClientInitializer = credential
            });

        return crmService;
    }

    public static Policy GetPolicy(CloudResourceManagerService crmService, String projectId)
    {
        // Get the project's policy by calling the
        // Cloud Resource Manager Projects API
        var policy = crmService.Projects.GetIamPolicy(
            new GetIamPolicyRequest(),
            projectId).Execute();
        return policy;
    }

    public static void SetPolicy(CloudResourceManagerService crmService, String projectId, Policy policy)
    {
        // Set the project's policy by calling the
        // Cloud Resource Manager Projects API
        crmService.Projects.SetIamPolicy(
           new SetIamPolicyRequest
           {
               Policy = policy
           }, projectId).Execute();
    }

    public static void AddBinding(
        CloudResourceManagerService crmService,
        string projectId,
        string member,
        string role)
    {
        // Get the project's policy
        var policy = GetPolicy(crmService, projectId);

        // Find binding in policy
        var binding = policy.Bindings.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Role == role);

        // If binding already exists, add principal to binding
        if (binding != null)
        {
            binding.Members.Add(member);
        }
        // If binding does not exist, add binding to policy
        else
        {
            binding = new Binding
            {
                Role = role,
                Members = new List<string> { member }
            };
            policy.Bindings.Add(binding);
        }

        // Set the updated policy
        SetPolicy(crmService, projectId, policy);
    }

    public static void RemoveMember(
        CloudResourceManagerService crmService,
        string projectId,
        string member,
        string role)
    {
        // Get the project's policy 
        var policy = GetPolicy(crmService, projectId);

        // Remove the principal from the role
        var binding = policy.Bindings.FirstOrDefault(x => x.Role == role);
        if (binding == null)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Role does not exist in policy.");
        }
        else
        {
            if (binding.Members.Contains(member))
            {
                binding.Members.Remove(member);
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("The member has not been granted this role.");
            }

            if (binding.Members.Count == 0)
            {
                policy.Bindings.Remove(binding);
            }
        }

        // Set the updated policy
        SetPolicy(crmService, projectId, policy);
    }
}

Go

Resource Manager에 대해 클라이언트 라이브러리를 설치하고 사용하는 방법은 Resource Manager 클라이언트 라이브러리를 참조하세요. 자세한 내용은 Resource Manager Go API 참고 문서를 확인하세요.

Resource Manager에 인증하려면 애플리케이션 기본 사용자 인증 정보를 설정합니다. 자세한 내용은 로컬 개발 환경의 인증 설정을 참조하세요.

코드 샘플을 실행하기 전에 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 환경 변수를 s3nsapis.fr으로 설정합니다.


package main

import (
	"context"
	"flag"
	"fmt"
	"log"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"google.golang.org/api/cloudresourcemanager/v1"
)

func main() {
	// TODO: Add your project ID
	projectID := flag.String("project_id", "", "Cloud Project ID")
	// TODO: Add the ID of your principal.
	// For examples, see https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/principal-identifiers
	member := flag.String("member_id", "", "Your principal ID")
	flag.Parse()

	// The role to be granted
	var role string = "roles/logging.logWriter"

	// Initializes the Cloud Resource Manager service
	ctx := context.Background()
	crmService, err := cloudresourcemanager.NewService(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("cloudresourcemanager.NewService: %v", err)
	}

	// Grants your principal the "Log writer" role for your project
	addBinding(crmService, *projectID, *member, role)

	// Gets the project's policy and prints all principals with the "Log Writer" role
	policy := getPolicy(crmService, *projectID)
	// Find the policy binding for role. Only one binding can have the role.
	var binding *cloudresourcemanager.Binding
	for _, b := range policy.Bindings {
		if b.Role == role {
			binding = b
			break
		}
	}
	fmt.Println("Role: ", binding.Role)
	fmt.Print("Members: ", strings.Join(binding.Members, ", "))

	// Removes member from the "Log writer" role
	removeMember(crmService, *projectID, *member, role)

}

// addBinding adds the principal to the project's IAM policy
func addBinding(crmService *cloudresourcemanager.Service, projectID, member, role string) {

	policy := getPolicy(crmService, projectID)

	// Find the policy binding for role. Only one binding can have the role.
	var binding *cloudresourcemanager.Binding
	for _, b := range policy.Bindings {
		if b.Role == role {
			binding = b
			break
		}
	}

	if binding != nil {
		// If the binding exists, adds the principal to the binding
		binding.Members = append(binding.Members, member)
	} else {
		// If the binding does not exist, adds a new binding to the policy
		binding = &cloudresourcemanager.Binding{
			Role:    role,
			Members: []string{member},
		}
		policy.Bindings = append(policy.Bindings, binding)
	}

	setPolicy(crmService, projectID, policy)

}

// removeMember removes the principal from the project's IAM policy
func removeMember(crmService *cloudresourcemanager.Service, projectID, member, role string) {

	policy := getPolicy(crmService, projectID)

	// Find the policy binding for role. Only one binding can have the role.
	var binding *cloudresourcemanager.Binding
	var bindingIndex int
	for i, b := range policy.Bindings {
		if b.Role == role {
			binding = b
			bindingIndex = i
			break
		}
	}

	// Order doesn't matter for bindings or members, so to remove, move the last item
	// into the removed spot and shrink the slice.
	if len(binding.Members) == 1 {
		// If the principal is the only member in the binding, removes the binding
		last := len(policy.Bindings) - 1
		policy.Bindings[bindingIndex] = policy.Bindings[last]
		policy.Bindings = policy.Bindings[:last]
	} else {
		// If there is more than one member in the binding, removes the principal
		var memberIndex int
		for i, mm := range binding.Members {
			if mm == member {
				memberIndex = i
			}
		}
		last := len(policy.Bindings[bindingIndex].Members) - 1
		binding.Members[memberIndex] = binding.Members[last]
		binding.Members = binding.Members[:last]
	}

	setPolicy(crmService, projectID, policy)

}

// getPolicy gets the project's IAM policy
func getPolicy(crmService *cloudresourcemanager.Service, projectID string) *cloudresourcemanager.Policy {

	ctx := context.Background()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10)
	defer cancel()
	request := new(cloudresourcemanager.GetIamPolicyRequest)
	policy, err := crmService.Projects.GetIamPolicy(projectID, request).Do()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Projects.GetIamPolicy: %v", err)
	}

	return policy
}

// setPolicy sets the project's IAM policy
func setPolicy(crmService *cloudresourcemanager.Service, projectID string, policy *cloudresourcemanager.Policy) {

	ctx := context.Background()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10)
	defer cancel()
	request := new(cloudresourcemanager.SetIamPolicyRequest)
	request.Policy = policy
	policy, err := crmService.Projects.SetIamPolicy(projectID, request).Do()
	if err != nil {
		log.Fatalf("Projects.SetIamPolicy: %v", err)
	}
}

Java

Resource Manager에 대해 클라이언트 라이브러리를 설치하고 사용하는 방법은 Resource Manager 클라이언트 라이브러리를 참조하세요. 자세한 내용은 Resource Manager Java API 참고 문서를 확인하세요.

Resource Manager에 인증하려면 애플리케이션 기본 사용자 인증 정보를 설정합니다. 자세한 내용은 로컬 개발 환경의 인증 설정을 참조하세요.

코드 샘플을 실행하기 전에 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 환경 변수를 s3nsapis.fr으로 설정합니다.


import com.google.cloud.iam.admin.v1.IAMClient;
import com.google.iam.admin.v1.ServiceAccountName;
import com.google.iam.v1.Binding;
import com.google.iam.v1.GetIamPolicyRequest;
import com.google.iam.v1.Policy;
import com.google.iam.v1.SetIamPolicyRequest;
import com.google.protobuf.FieldMask;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.List;

public class Quickstart {

  public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
    // TODO: Replace with your project ID.
    String projectId = "your-project";
    // TODO: Replace with your service account name.
    String serviceAccount = "your-service-account";
    // TODO: Replace with the ID of your principal.
    // For examples, see https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/principal-identifiers
    String member = "your-principal";
    // The role to be granted.
    String role = "roles/logging.logWriter";

    quickstart(projectId, serviceAccount, member, role);
  }

  // Creates new policy and adds binding.
  // Checks if changes are present and removes policy.
  public static void quickstart(String projectId, String serviceAccount,
                                String member, String role) throws IOException {

    // Construct the service account email.
    // You can modify the ".iam.gserviceaccount.com" to match the name of the service account
    // to use for authentication.
    serviceAccount = serviceAccount + "@" + projectId + ".iam.gserviceaccount.com";

    // Initialize client that will be used to send requests.
    // This client only needs to be created once, and can be reused for multiple requests.
    try (IAMClient iamClient = IAMClient.create()) {

      // Grants your principal the "Log writer" role for your project.
      addBinding(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount, member, role);

      // Get the project's policy and print all principals with the "Log Writer" role
      Policy policy = getPolicy(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount);

      Binding binding = null;
      List<Binding> bindings = policy.getBindingsList();

      for (Binding b : bindings) {
        if (b.getRole().equals(role)) {
          binding = b;
          break;
        }
      }

      System.out.println("Role: " + binding.getRole());
      System.out.print("Principals: ");

      for (String m : binding.getMembersList()) {
        System.out.print("[" + m + "] ");
      }
      System.out.println();

      // Removes principal from the "Log writer" role.
      removeMember(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount, member, role);
    }
  }

  public static void addBinding(IAMClient iamClient, String projectId, String serviceAccount,
                                String member, String role) {
    // Gets the project's policy.
    Policy policy = getPolicy(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount);

    // If policy is not retrieved, return early.
    if (policy == null) {
      return;
    }

    Policy.Builder updatedPolicy = policy.toBuilder();

    // Get the binding if present in the policy.
    Binding binding = null;
    for (Binding b : updatedPolicy.getBindingsList()) {
      if (b.getRole().equals(role)) {
        binding = b;
        break;
      }
    }

    if (binding != null) {
      // If binding already exists, adds principal to binding.
      binding.getMembersList().add(member);
    } else {
      // If binding does not exist, adds binding to policy.
      binding = Binding.newBuilder()
              .setRole(role)
              .addMembers(member)
              .build();
      updatedPolicy.addBindings(binding);
    }

    // Sets the updated policy.
    setPolicy(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount, updatedPolicy.build());
  }

  public static void removeMember(IAMClient iamClient, String projectId, String serviceAccount,
                                  String member, String role) {
    // Gets the project's policy.
    Policy.Builder policy = getPolicy(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount).toBuilder();

    // Removes the principal from the role.
    Binding binding = null;
    for (Binding b : policy.getBindingsList()) {
      if (b.getRole().equals(role)) {
        binding = b;
        break;
      }
    }

    if (binding != null && binding.getMembersList().contains(member)) {
      List<String> newMemberList = new ArrayList<>(binding.getMembersList());
      newMemberList.remove(member);

      Binding newBinding = binding.toBuilder().clearMembers()
              .addAllMembers(newMemberList)
              .build();
      List<Binding> newBindingList = new ArrayList<>(policy.getBindingsList());
      newBindingList.remove(binding);

      if (!newBinding.getMembersList().isEmpty()) {
        newBindingList.add(newBinding);
      }

      policy.clearBindings()
              .addAllBindings(newBindingList);
    }

    // Sets the updated policy.
    setPolicy(iamClient, projectId, serviceAccount, policy.build());
  }

  public static Policy getPolicy(IAMClient iamClient, String projectId, String serviceAccount) {
    // Gets the project's policy by calling the
    // IAMClient API.
    GetIamPolicyRequest request = GetIamPolicyRequest.newBuilder()
            .setResource(ServiceAccountName.of(projectId, serviceAccount).toString())
            .build();
    return iamClient.getIamPolicy(request);
  }

  private static void setPolicy(IAMClient iamClient, String projectId,
                                String serviceAccount, Policy policy) {
    List<String> paths = Arrays.asList("bindings", "etag");
    // Sets a project's policy.
    SetIamPolicyRequest request = SetIamPolicyRequest.newBuilder()
            .setResource(ServiceAccountName.of(projectId, serviceAccount).toString())
            .setPolicy(policy)
            // A FieldMask specifying which fields of the policy to modify. Only
            // the fields in the mask will be modified. If no mask is provided, the
            // following default mask is used:
            // `paths: "bindings, etag"`
            .setUpdateMask(FieldMask.newBuilder().addAllPaths(paths).build())
            .build();
    iamClient.setIamPolicy(request);
  }
}

Python

Resource Manager에 대해 클라이언트 라이브러리를 설치하고 사용하는 방법은 Resource Manager 클라이언트 라이브러리를 참조하세요. 자세한 내용은 Resource Manager Python API 참고 문서를 확인하세요.

Resource Manager에 인증하려면 애플리케이션 기본 사용자 인증 정보를 설정합니다. 자세한 내용은 로컬 개발 환경의 인증 설정을 참조하세요.

코드 샘플을 실행하기 전에 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 환경 변수를 s3nsapis.fr으로 설정합니다.

from google.cloud import resourcemanager_v3
from google.iam.v1 import iam_policy_pb2, policy_pb2


def quickstart(project_id: str, principal: str) -> None:
    """Demonstrates basic IAM operations.

    This quickstart shows how to get a project's IAM policy,
    add a principal to a role, list members of a role,
    and remove a principal from a role.

    Args:
        project_id: ID or number of the Google Cloud project you want to use.
        principal: The principal ID requesting the access.
    """

    # Role to be granted.
    role = "roles/logging.logWriter"
    crm_service = resourcemanager_v3.ProjectsClient()

    # Grants your principal the 'Log Writer' role for the project.
    modify_policy_add_role(crm_service, project_id, role, principal)

    # Gets the project's policy and prints all principals with the 'Log Writer' role.
    policy = get_policy(crm_service, project_id)
    binding = next(b for b in policy.bindings if b.role == role)
    print(f"Role: {(binding.role)}")
    print("Members: ")
    for m in binding.members:
        print(f"[{m}]")

    # Removes the principal from the 'Log Writer' role.
    modify_policy_remove_principal(crm_service, project_id, role, principal)


def get_policy(
    crm_service: resourcemanager_v3.ProjectsClient, project_id: str
) -> policy_pb2.Policy:
    """Gets IAM policy for a project."""

    request = iam_policy_pb2.GetIamPolicyRequest()
    request.resource = f"projects/{project_id}"

    policy = crm_service.get_iam_policy(request)
    return policy


def set_policy(
    crm_service: resourcemanager_v3.ProjectsClient,
    project_id: str,
    policy: policy_pb2.Policy,
) -> None:
    """Adds a new role binding to a policy."""

    request = iam_policy_pb2.SetIamPolicyRequest()
    request.resource = f"projects/{project_id}"
    request.policy.CopyFrom(policy)

    crm_service.set_iam_policy(request)


def modify_policy_add_role(
    crm_service: resourcemanager_v3.ProjectsClient,
    project_id: str,
    role: str,
    principal: str,
) -> None:
    """Adds a new role binding to a policy."""

    policy = get_policy(crm_service, project_id)

    for bind in policy.bindings:
        if bind.role == role:
            bind.members.append(principal)
            break
    else:
        binding = policy_pb2.Binding()
        binding.role = role
        binding.members.append(principal)
        policy.bindings.append(binding)

    set_policy(crm_service, project_id, policy)


def modify_policy_remove_principal(
    crm_service: resourcemanager_v3.ProjectsClient,
    project_id: str,
    role: str,
    principal: str,
) -> None:
    """Removes a principal from a role binding."""

    policy = get_policy(crm_service, project_id)

    for bind in policy.bindings:
        if bind.role == role:
            if principal in bind.members:
                bind.members.remove(principal)
            break

    set_policy(crm_service, project_id, policy)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # TODO: Replace with your project ID.
    project_id = "your-project-id"
    # TODO: Replace with the ID of your principal.
    # For examples, see https://cloud.google.com/iam/docs/principal-identifiers
    principal = "your-principal"
    quickstart(project_id, principal)

수고하셨습니다. Resource Manager API의 IAM 메서드를 사용하여 프로젝트의 액세스 권한을 수정했습니다.

어땠나요?

삭제

Optional: Revoke the authentication credentials that you created, and delete the local credential file.
```
gcloud auth application-default revoke
```
Optional: Revoke credentials from the gcloud CLI.
```
gcloud auth revoke
```

다음 단계

IAM의 작동 원리 읽어보기
액세스 권한 부여, 변경, 취소 자세히 알아보기
정책 문제 해결 도구를 사용하여 액세스 문제 해결하기