Membuat langganan push

Konsol

Untuk membuat langganan push, selesaikan langkah-langkah berikut:

1. Di konsol Trusted Cloud , buka halaman Subscriptions.

   Buka Langganan

2. Klik Buat langganan.
3. Untuk kolom Subscription ID, masukkan nama.

   Untuk mengetahui informasi tentang cara memberi nama langganan, lihat Panduan untuk memberi nama topik atau langganan.

4. Pilih atau buat topik dari menu drop-down. Langganan menerima pesan dari topik.
5. Pilih Jenis pengiriman sebagai Push.
6. Tentukan URL endpoint.
7. Pertahankan semua nilai default lainnya.
8. Klik Buat.

Anda juga dapat membuat langganan dari bagian Topik. Pintasan ini berguna untuk mengaitkan topik dengan langganan.

1. Di konsol Trusted Cloud , buka halaman Topics.

   Buka Topik

2. Klikmore_vertdi samping topik yang akan dibuat langganannya.
3. Dari menu konteks, pilih Buat langganan.
4. Masukkan ID Langganan.

   Untuk mengetahui informasi tentang cara memberi nama langganan, lihat Panduan untuk memberi nama topik atau langganan.

5. Pilih Jenis pengiriman sebagai Push.
6. Tentukan URL endpoint.
7. Pertahankan semua nilai default lainnya.
8. Klik Buat.

gcloud

1. In the Trusted Cloud console, activate Cloud Shell.

   Activate Cloud Shell

   At the bottom of the Trusted Cloud console, a Cloud Shell session starts and displays a command-line prompt. Cloud Shell is a shell environment with the Google Cloud CLI already installed and with values already set for your current project. It can take a few seconds for the session to initialize.

2. Untuk membuat langganan push, jalankan perintah gcloud pubsub subscriptions create.

   gcloud pubsub subscriptions create SUBSCRIPTION_ID \
   --topic=TOPIC_ID \
   --push-endpoint=PUSH_ENDPOINT

   Ganti kode berikut:

   • SUBSCRIPTION_ID: Nama atau ID langganan push baru Anda.
   • TOPIC_ID: Nama atau ID topik Anda.
   • PUSH_ENDPOINT: URL yang akan digunakan sebagai endpoint untuk langganan ini. Contoh, https://myproject.appspot.com/myhandler.

REST

Untuk membuat langganan push, gunakan metode projects.subscriptions.create:

Permintaan:

Permintaan harus diautentikasi dengan token akses di header Authorization. Untuk mendapatkan token akses bagi Kredensial Default Aplikasi saat ini: gcloud auth application-default print-access-token.

PUT https://pubsub.googleapis.com/v1/projects/PROJECT_ID/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID
Authorization: Bearer ACCESS_TOKEN

Isi permintaan:

{
"topic": "projects/PROJECT_ID/topics/TOPIC_ID",
// Only needed if you are using push delivery
"pushConfig": {
"pushEndpoint": "PUSH_ENDPOINT"
}
}

Dengan:

PROJECT_ID adalah project ID Anda.

SUBSCRIPTION_ID adalah ID langganan Anda.

TOPIC_ID adalah topic ID Anda.

PUSH_ENDPOINT adalah URL yang akan digunakan sebagai endpoint. Contoh, https://myproject.appspot.com/myhandler.

Respons:

{
"name": "projects/PROJECT_ID/subscriptions/SUBSCRIPTION_ID",
"topic": "projects/PROJECT_ID/topics/TOPIC_ID",
"pushConfig": {
"pushEndpoint": "https://PROJECT_ID.appspot.com/myhandler",
"attributes": {
  "x-goog-version": "v1"
}
},
"ackDeadlineSeconds": 10,
"messageRetentionDuration": "604800s",
"expirationPolicy": {
"ttl": "2678400s"
}
}

C++

Sebelum mencoba contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan C++ di Panduan memulai: Menggunakan Library Klien. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat dokumentasi referensi Pub/Sub C++ API.

namespace pubsub = ::google::cloud::pubsub;
namespace pubsub_admin = ::google::cloud::pubsub_admin;
[](pubsub_admin::SubscriptionAdminClient client,
   std::string const& project_id, std::string const& topic_id,
   std::string const& subscription_id, std::string const& endpoint) {
  google::pubsub::v1::Subscription request;
  request.set_name(
      pubsub::Subscription(project_id, subscription_id).FullName());
  request.set_topic(pubsub::Topic(project_id, topic_id).FullName());
  request.mutable_push_config()->set_push_endpoint(endpoint);
  auto sub = client.CreateSubscription(request);
  if (sub.status().code() == google::cloud::StatusCode::kAlreadyExists) {
    std::cout << "The subscription already exists\n";
    return;
  }
  if (!sub) throw std::move(sub).status();

  std::cout << "The subscription was successfully created: "
            << sub->DebugString() << "\n";

C#

Sebelum mencoba contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan C# di Panduan memulai: Menggunakan Library Klien. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat dokumentasi referensi API C# Pub/Sub.

using Google.Cloud.PubSub.V1;

public class CreatePushSubscriptionSample
{
    public Subscription CreatePushSubscription(string projectId, string topicId, string subscriptionId, string pushEndpoint)
    {
        SubscriberServiceApiClient subscriber = SubscriberServiceApiClient.Create();
        TopicName topicName = TopicName.FromProjectTopic(projectId, topicId);
        SubscriptionName subscriptionName = SubscriptionName.FromProjectSubscription(projectId, subscriptionId);

        PushConfig pushConfig = new PushConfig { PushEndpoint = pushEndpoint };

        // The approximate amount of time in seconds (on a best-effort basis) Pub/Sub waits for the
        // subscriber to acknowledge receipt before resending the message.
        var ackDeadlineSeconds = 60;
        var subscription = subscriber.CreateSubscription(subscriptionName, topicName, pushConfig, ackDeadlineSeconds);
        return subscription;
    }
}

Go

Contoh berikut menggunakan library klien Go Pub/Sub versi utama (v2). Jika Anda masih menggunakan library v1, lihat panduan migrasi ke v2. Untuk melihat daftar contoh kode v1, lihat contoh kode yang tidak digunakan lagi.

Sebelum mencoba contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Go di Panduan memulai: Menggunakan Library Klien. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat dokumentasi referensi Pub/Sub Go API.

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"

	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsub/v2"
	"cloud.google.com/go/pubsub/v2/apiv1/pubsubpb"
)

func createWithEndpoint(w io.Writer, projectID, topic, subscription, endpoint string) error {
	// projectID := "my-project-id"
	// topic := "projects/my-project-id/topics/my-topic"
	// subscription := "projects/my-project/subscriptions/my-sub"
	// endpoint := "https://my-test-project.appspot.com/push"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := pubsub.NewClient(ctx, projectID)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("pubsub.NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	sub, err := client.SubscriptionAdminClient.CreateSubscription(ctx, &pubsubpb.Subscription{
		Name:               subscription,
		Topic:              topic,
		AckDeadlineSeconds: 10,
		PushConfig:         &pubsubpb.PushConfig{PushEndpoint: endpoint},
	})
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to create push sub: %w", err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Created push subscription: %v\n", sub)
	return nil
}

Java

Sebelum mencoba contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Java di Panduan memulai: Menggunakan Library Klien. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat dokumentasi referensi Pub/Sub Java API.

import com.google.cloud.pubsub.v1.SubscriptionAdminClient;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.PushConfig;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.Subscription;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.SubscriptionName;
import com.google.pubsub.v1.TopicName;
import java.io.IOException;

public class CreatePushSubscriptionExample {
  public static void main(String... args) throws Exception {
    // TODO(developer): Replace these variables before running the sample.
    String projectId = "your-project-id";
    String subscriptionId = "your-subscription-id";
    String topicId = "your-topic-id";
    String pushEndpoint = "https://my-test-project.appspot.com/push";

    createPushSubscriptionExample(projectId, subscriptionId, topicId, pushEndpoint);
  }

  public static void createPushSubscriptionExample(
      String projectId, String subscriptionId, String topicId, String pushEndpoint)
      throws IOException {
    try (SubscriptionAdminClient subscriptionAdminClient = SubscriptionAdminClient.create()) {
      TopicName topicName = TopicName.of(projectId, topicId);
      SubscriptionName subscriptionName = SubscriptionName.of(projectId, subscriptionId);
      PushConfig pushConfig = PushConfig.newBuilder().setPushEndpoint(pushEndpoint).build();

      // Create a push subscription with default acknowledgement deadline of 10 seconds.
      // Messages not successfully acknowledged within 10 seconds will get resent by the server.
      Subscription subscription =
          subscriptionAdminClient.createSubscription(subscriptionName, topicName, pushConfig, 10);
      System.out.println("Created push subscription: " + subscription.getName());
    }
  }
}

Node.js

Sebelum mencoba contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Node.js di Panduan memulai: Menggunakan Library Klien. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat dokumentasi referensi API Node.js Pub/Sub.

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const pushEndpoint = 'YOUR_ENDPOINT_URL';
// const topicNameOrId = 'YOUR_TOPIC_NAME_OR_ID';
// const subscriptionNameOrId = 'YOUR_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME_OR_ID';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {PubSub} = require('@google-cloud/pubsub');

// Creates a client; cache this for further use
const pubSubClient = new PubSub();

async function createPushSubscription(
  pushEndpoint,
  topicNameOrId,
  subscriptionNameOrId,
) {
  const options = {
    pushConfig: {
      // Set to an HTTPS endpoint of your choice. If necessary, register
      // (authorize) the domain on which the server is hosted.
      pushEndpoint,
    },
  };

  await pubSubClient
    .topic(topicNameOrId)
    .createSubscription(subscriptionNameOrId, options);
  console.log(`Subscription ${subscriptionNameOrId} created.`);
}

Node.ts

Sebelum mencoba contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Node.js di Panduan memulai: Menggunakan Library Klien. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat dokumentasi referensi API Node.js Pub/Sub.

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment these variables before running the sample.
 */
// const pushEndpoint = 'YOUR_ENDPOINT_URL';
// const topicNameOrId = 'YOUR_TOPIC_NAME_OR_ID';
// const subscriptionNameOrId = 'YOUR_SUBSCRIPTION_NAME_OR_ID';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
import {PubSub, CreateSubscriptionOptions} from '@google-cloud/pubsub';

// Creates a client; cache this for further use
const pubSubClient = new PubSub();

async function createPushSubscription(
  pushEndpoint: string,
  topicNameOrId: string,
  subscriptionNameOrId: string,
) {
  const options: CreateSubscriptionOptions = {
    pushConfig: {
      // Set to an HTTPS endpoint of your choice. If necessary, register
      // (authorize) the domain on which the server is hosted.
      pushEndpoint,
    },
  };

  await pubSubClient
    .topic(topicNameOrId)
    .createSubscription(subscriptionNameOrId, options);
  console.log(`Subscription ${subscriptionNameOrId} created.`);
}

PHP

Sebelum mencoba contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan PHP di Panduan memulai: Menggunakan Library Klien. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat dokumentasi referensi API PHP Pub/Sub.

use Google\Cloud\PubSub\PubSubClient;

/**
 * Creates a Pub/Sub push subscription.
 *
 * @param string $projectId  The Google project ID.
 * @param string $topicName  The Pub/Sub topic name.
 * @param string $subscriptionName  The Pub/Sub subscription name.
 * @param string $endpoint  The endpoint for the push subscription.
 */
function create_push_subscription($projectId, $topicName, $subscriptionName, $endpoint)
{
    $pubsub = new PubSubClient([
        'projectId' => $projectId,
    ]);
    $topic = $pubsub->topic($topicName);
    $subscription = $topic->subscription($subscriptionName);
    $subscription->create([
        'pushConfig' => ['pushEndpoint' => $endpoint]
    ]);

    printf('Subscription created: %s' . PHP_EOL, $subscription->name());
}

Python

Sebelum mencoba contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Python di Panduan memulai: Menggunakan Library Klien. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat dokumentasi referensi Pub/Sub Python API.

from google.cloud import pubsub_v1

# TODO(developer)
# project_id = "your-project-id"
# topic_id = "your-topic-id"
# subscription_id = "your-subscription-id"
# endpoint = "https://my-test-project.appspot.com/push"

publisher = pubsub_v1.PublisherClient()
subscriber = pubsub_v1.SubscriberClient()
topic_path = publisher.topic_path(project_id, topic_id)
subscription_path = subscriber.subscription_path(project_id, subscription_id)

push_config = pubsub_v1.types.PushConfig(push_endpoint=endpoint)

# Wrap the subscriber in a 'with' block to automatically call close() to
# close the underlying gRPC channel when done.
with subscriber:
    subscription = subscriber.create_subscription(
        request={
            "name": subscription_path,
            "topic": topic_path,
            "push_config": push_config,
        }
    )

print(f"Push subscription created: {subscription}.")
print(f"Endpoint for subscription is: {endpoint}")

Ruby

Contoh berikut menggunakan library klien Pub/Sub Ruby v3. Jika Anda masih menggunakan library v2, lihat panduan migrasi ke v3. Untuk melihat daftar contoh kode Ruby v2, lihat contoh kode yang tidak digunakan lagi.

Sebelum mencoba contoh ini, ikuti petunjuk penyiapan Ruby di Panduan memulai: Menggunakan Library Klien. Untuk mengetahui informasi selengkapnya, lihat dokumentasi referensi API Ruby Pub/Sub.

# topic_id          = "your-topic-id"
# subscription_id   = "your-subscription-id"
# endpoint          = "https://your-test-project.appspot.com/push"

pubsub = Google::Cloud::PubSub.new
subscription_admin = pubsub.subscription_admin

subscription = subscription_admin.create_subscription \
  name: pubsub.subscription_path(subscription_id),
  topic: pubsub.topic_path(topic_id),
  push_config: {
    push_endpoint: endpoint
  }

puts "Push subscription #{subscription_id} created."