- A principal is included directly if that principal is
listed in the binding.
- A principal is included indirectly if that principal is
in a Google group or Google Workspace domain that is
listed in the binding.
MEMBERSHIP_NOT_INCLUDED (2):
The binding does not include the principal.
MEMBERSHIP_UNKNOWN_INFO_DENIED (3):
The sender of the request is not allowed to
access the binding.
MEMBERSHIP_UNKNOWN_UNSUPPORTED (4):
The principal is an unsupported type. Only
Google Accounts and service accounts are
supported.
The extent to which a single data point, such as the
existence of a binding or whether a binding includes a specific
principal, contributes to an overall determination.
[[["Easy to understand","easyToUnderstand","thumb-up"],["Solved my problem","solvedMyProblem","thumb-up"],["Other","otherUp","thumb-up"]],[["Missing the information I need","missingTheInformationINeed","thumb-down"],["Too complicated / too many steps","tooComplicatedTooManySteps","thumb-down"],["Out of date","outOfDate","thumb-down"],["Samples / code issue","samplesCodeIssue","thumb-down"],["Other","otherDown","thumb-down"]],["Last updated 2025-08-28 UTC."],[],[],null,["# Package Classes (1.13.3)\n\nVersion latestkeyboard_arrow_down\n\n- [1.13.3 (latest)](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/summary_class)\n- [1.13.1](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.13.1/summary_class)\n- [1.12.1](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.12.1/summary_class)\n- [1.11.5](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.11.5/summary_class)\n- [1.10.0](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.10.0/summary_class)\n- [1.9.0](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.9.0/summary_class)\n- [1.8.2](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.8.2/summary_class)\n- [1.7.1](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.7.1/summary_class)\n- [1.6.0](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.6.0/summary_class)\n- [1.5.4](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.5.4/summary_class)\n- [1.4.2](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.4.2/summary_class)\n- [1.3.1](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.3.1/summary_class)\n- [1.2.0](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.2.0/summary_class)\n- [1.1.3](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.1.3/summary_class)\n- [1.0.0](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/1.0.0/summary_class)\n- [0.2.0](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/0.2.0/summary_class)\n- [0.1.0](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/0.1.0/summary_class) \nSummary of entries of Classes for policytroubleshooter. \n\nClasses\n-------\n\n### [IamCheckerAsyncClient](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/google.cloud.policytroubleshooter_v1.services.iam_checker.IamCheckerAsyncClient)\n\nIAM Policy Troubleshooter service.\n\nThis service helps you troubleshoot access issues for Google\nCloud resources.\n\n### [IamCheckerClient](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/google.cloud.policytroubleshooter_v1.services.iam_checker.IamCheckerClient)\n\nIAM Policy Troubleshooter service.\n\nThis service helps you troubleshoot access issues for Google\nCloud resources.\n\n### [AccessState](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/google.cloud.policytroubleshooter_v1.types.AccessState)\n\nWhether a principal has a permission for a resource.\n\n### [AccessTuple](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/google.cloud.policytroubleshooter_v1.types.AccessTuple)\n\nInformation about the principal, resource, and permission to\ncheck.\n\n### [BindingExplanation](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/google.cloud.policytroubleshooter_v1.types.BindingExplanation)\n\nDetails about how a binding in a policy affects a principal's\nability to use a permission.\n\n### [AnnotatedMembership](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/google.cloud.policytroubleshooter_v1.types.BindingExplanation.AnnotatedMembership)\n\nDetails about whether the binding includes the principal.\n\n### [Membership](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/google.cloud.policytroubleshooter_v1.types.BindingExplanation.Membership)\n\nWhether the binding includes the principal. \n\n - A principal is included directly if that principal is\n listed in the binding.\n - A principal is included indirectly if that principal is\n in a Google group or Google Workspace domain that is\n listed in the binding.\n MEMBERSHIP_NOT_INCLUDED (2):\n The binding does not include the principal.\n MEMBERSHIP_UNKNOWN_INFO_DENIED (3):\n The sender of the request is not allowed to\n access the binding.\n MEMBERSHIP_UNKNOWN_UNSUPPORTED (4):\n The principal is an unsupported type. Only\n Google Accounts and service accounts are\n supported.\n\n### [MembershipsEntry](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/google.cloud.policytroubleshooter_v1.types.BindingExplanation.MembershipsEntry)\n\nThe abstract base class for a message.\n\n### [RolePermission](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/google.cloud.policytroubleshooter_v1.types.BindingExplanation.RolePermission)\n\nWhether a role includes a specific permission.\n\n### [ExplainedPolicy](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/google.cloud.policytroubleshooter_v1.types.ExplainedPolicy)\n\nDetails about how a specific IAM `Policy][google.iam.v1.Policy]`\ncontributed to the access check.\n\n### [HeuristicRelevance](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/google.cloud.policytroubleshooter_v1.types.HeuristicRelevance)\n\nThe extent to which a single data point, such as the\nexistence of a binding or whether a binding includes a specific\nprincipal, contributes to an overall determination.\n\n### [TroubleshootIamPolicyRequest](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/google.cloud.policytroubleshooter_v1.types.TroubleshootIamPolicyRequest)\n\nRequest for\nTroubleshootIamPolicy.\n\n### [TroubleshootIamPolicyResponse](/python/docs/reference/policytroubleshooter/latest/google.cloud.policytroubleshooter_v1.types.TroubleshootIamPolicyResponse)\n\nResponse for\nTroubleshootIamPolicy."]]