本頁面的部分或所有資訊可能不適用於 S3NS 的 Cloud de Confiance。詳情請參閱「與 Google Cloud 的差異」。

Google 會運用 AI 技術將內容翻譯成你偏好的語言，但可能會出錯。

管理物件生命週期

本頁面說明如何設定值區的物件生命週期管理功能，以及如何查看值區目前的生命週期設定。生命週期設定適用於 bucket 中所有現有和未來的物件。

必要的角色

如要取得設定及管理 bucket 物件生命週期管理所需的權限，請要求管理員授予您 bucket 的 Storage 管理員 (roles/storage.admin) 角色。這個預先定義的角色具備設定及管理 bucket 物件生命週期管理所需的權限。如要查看確切的必要權限，請展開「Required permissions」(必要權限) 部分：

所需權限

storage.buckets.get
storage.buckets.list
- 只有在您打算使用Cloud de Confiance 控制台執行本頁操作說明時，才需要這項權限。
storage.buckets.update

您或許還可透過自訂角色取得這些權限。

如要瞭解如何授予 bucket 角色，請參閱「在 bucket 上設定及管理 IAM 政策」。

設定 bucket 的生命週期設定

控制台

前往 Cloud de Confiance 控制台的「Cloud Storage bucket」頁面。
前往「Buckets」(值區) 頁面
在 bucket 清單中，找出要啟用的 bucket，然後按一下 bucket 名稱。
按一下「Lifecycle」分頁標籤。

生命週期規則頁面隨即顯示。您可以在這裡編輯或刪除現有規則。如要新增規則，請按照下列步驟操作：
點選「新增規則」。
在顯示的頁面中指定設定。
1. 選取物件符合條件時要執行的動作。
2. 按一下「繼續」。
3. 選取採取動作的條件。
4. 按一下「繼續」。
5. 點選「建立」。

如要瞭解如何在 Cloud de Confiance 控制台中取得 Cloud Storage 作業失敗的詳細錯誤資訊，請參閱「疑難排解」。

指令列

建立 JSON 檔案，並加入要套用的生命週期設定規則。如需 JSON 檔案範例，請參閱設定範例。
使用 gcloud storage buckets update 指令，並加上 --lifecycle-file 旗標：
```
gcloud storage buckets update gs://BUCKET_NAME --lifecycle-file=LIFECYCLE_CONFIG_FILE
```
其中：
- BUCKET_NAME 是相關 bucket 的名稱。例如：my-bucket。
- LIFECYCLE_CONFIG_FILE 是您在步驟 1 建立的 JSON 檔案路徑。

用戶端程式庫

C++

詳情請參閱 Cloud Storage C++ API 參考文件。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

下列範例會為 bucket 設定生命週期：

namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::storage;
using ::google::cloud::StatusOr;
[](gcs::Client client, std::string const& bucket_name) {
  gcs::BucketLifecycle bucket_lifecycle_rules = gcs::BucketLifecycle{
      {gcs::LifecycleRule(gcs::LifecycleRule::ConditionConjunction(
                              gcs::LifecycleRule::MaxAge(30),
                              gcs::LifecycleRule::IsLive(true)),
                          gcs::LifecycleRule::Delete())}};

  StatusOr<gcs::BucketMetadata> updated_metadata = client.PatchBucket(
      bucket_name,
      gcs::BucketMetadataPatchBuilder().SetLifecycle(bucket_lifecycle_rules));
  if (!updated_metadata) throw std::move(updated_metadata).status();

  if (!updated_metadata->has_lifecycle() ||
      updated_metadata->lifecycle().rule.empty()) {
    std::cout << "Bucket lifecycle management is not enabled for bucket "
              << updated_metadata->name() << ".\n";
    return;
  }
  std::cout << "Successfully enabled bucket lifecycle management for bucket "
            << updated_metadata->name() << ".\n";
  std::cout << "The bucket lifecycle rules are";
  for (auto const& kv : updated_metadata->lifecycle().rule) {
    std::cout << "\n " << kv.condition() << ", " << kv.action();
  }
  std::cout << "\n";
}

下列範例會從 bucket 移除任何現有的生命週期設定：

namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::storage;
using ::google::cloud::StatusOr;
[](gcs::Client client, std::string const& bucket_name) {
  StatusOr<gcs::BucketMetadata> updated_metadata = client.PatchBucket(
      bucket_name, gcs::BucketMetadataPatchBuilder().ResetLifecycle());
  if (!updated_metadata) throw std::move(updated_metadata).status();

  std::cout << "Successfully disabled bucket lifecycle management for bucket "
            << updated_metadata->name() << ".\n";
}

C#

詳情請參閱 Cloud Storage C# API 參考文件。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

下列範例會為 bucket 設定生命週期：


using Google.Apis.Storage.v1.Data;
using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;

public class EnableBucketLifecycleManagementSample
{
    public Bucket EnableBucketLifecycleManagement(string bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name")
    {
        var storage = StorageClient.Create();
        var bucket = storage.GetBucket(bucketName);
        bucket.Lifecycle = new Bucket.LifecycleData
        {
            Rule = new List<Bucket.LifecycleData.RuleData>
            {
                new Bucket.LifecycleData.RuleData
                {
                    Condition = new Bucket.LifecycleData.RuleData.ConditionData { Age = 100 },
                    Action = new Bucket.LifecycleData.RuleData.ActionData { Type = "Delete" }
                }
            }
        };
        bucket = storage.UpdateBucket(bucket);

        Console.WriteLine($"Lifecycle management is enabled for bucket {bucketName} and the rules are:");
        foreach (var rule in bucket.Lifecycle.Rule)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Action:");
            Console.WriteLine($"Type: {rule.Action.Type}");
            Console.WriteLine($"Storage Class: {rule.Action.StorageClass}");

            Console.WriteLine("Condition:");
            Console.WriteLine($"Age: \t{rule.Condition.Age}");
            Console.WriteLine($"Created Before: \t{rule.Condition.CreatedBefore}");
            Console.WriteLine($"Time Before: \t{rule.Condition.CustomTimeBefore}");
            Console.WriteLine($"Days Since Custom Time: \t{rule.Condition.DaysSinceCustomTime}");
            Console.WriteLine($"Days Since Non-current Time: \t{rule.Condition.DaysSinceNoncurrentTime}");
            Console.WriteLine($"IsLive: \t{rule.Condition.IsLive}");
            Console.WriteLine($"Storage Class: \t{rule.Condition.MatchesStorageClass}");
            Console.WriteLine($"Noncurrent Time Before: \t{rule.Condition.NoncurrentTimeBefore}");
            Console.WriteLine($"Newer Versions: \t{rule.Condition.NumNewerVersions}");
        }
        return bucket;
    }
}

以下範例會從 bucket 移除所有現有的生命週期設定：


using Google.Apis.Storage.v1.Data;
using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1;
using System;

public class DisableBucketLifecycleManagementSample
{
    public Bucket DisableBucketLifecycleManagement(string bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name")
    {
        var storage = StorageClient.Create();
        var bucket = storage.GetBucket(bucketName);
        bucket.Lifecycle = null;
        bucket = storage.UpdateBucket(bucket);

        Console.WriteLine($"Lifecycle management is disabled for bucket {bucketName}.");
        return bucket;
    }
}

Go

詳情請參閱 Cloud Storage Go API 參考文件。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

下列範例會在 bucket 上設定生命週期設定：

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/storage"
)

// enableBucketLifecycleManagement adds a lifecycle delete rule with the
// condition that the object is 100 days old.
func enableBucketLifecycleManagement(w io.Writer, bucketName string) error {
	// bucketName := "bucket-name"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10)
	defer cancel()

	bucket := client.Bucket(bucketName)
	bucketAttrsToUpdate := storage.BucketAttrsToUpdate{
		Lifecycle: &storage.Lifecycle{
			Rules: []storage.LifecycleRule{
				{
					Action: storage.LifecycleAction{Type: "Delete"},
					Condition: storage.LifecycleCondition{
						AgeInDays: 100,
					},
				},
			},
		},
	}

	attrs, err := bucket.Update(ctx, bucketAttrsToUpdate)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Bucket(%q).Update: %w", bucketName, err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Lifecycle management is enabled for bucket %v\n and the rules are:\n", bucketName)
	for _, rule := range attrs.Lifecycle.Rules {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Action: %v\n", rule.Action)
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "Condition: %v\n", rule.Condition)
	}

	return nil
}

以下範例會從 bucket 移除所有現有的生命週期設定：

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/storage"
)

// disableBucketLifecycleManagement removes all existing lifecycle rules
// from the bucket.
func disableBucketLifecycleManagement(w io.Writer, bucketName string) error {
	// bucketName := "bucket-name"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10)
	defer cancel()

	bucket := client.Bucket(bucketName)
	bucketAttrsToUpdate := storage.BucketAttrsToUpdate{
		Lifecycle: &storage.Lifecycle{},
	}

	_, err = bucket.Update(ctx, bucketAttrsToUpdate)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("Bucket(%q).Update: %w", bucketName, err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Lifecycle management is disabled for bucket %v.\n", bucketName)

	return nil
}

Java

詳情請參閱「Cloud Storage Java API 參考文件」。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

下列範例會在 bucket 上設定生命週期設定：

import static com.google.cloud.storage.BucketInfo.LifecycleRule.LifecycleAction;
import static com.google.cloud.storage.BucketInfo.LifecycleRule.LifecycleCondition;

import com.google.cloud.storage.Bucket;
import com.google.cloud.storage.BucketInfo.LifecycleRule;
import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage;
import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions;
import com.google.common.collect.ImmutableList;

public class EnableLifecycleManagement {
  public static void enableLifecycleManagement(String projectId, String bucketName) {
    // The ID of your GCP project
    // String projectId = "your-project-id";

    // The ID of your GCS bucket
    // String bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name";

    Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuilder().setProjectId(projectId).build().getService();
    Bucket bucket = storage.get(bucketName);

    // See the LifecycleRule documentation for additional info on what you can do with lifecycle
    // management rules. This one deletes objects that are over 100 days old.
    // https://googleapis.dev/java/google-cloud-clients/latest/com/google/cloud/storage/BucketInfo.LifecycleRule.html
    bucket.toBuilder()
        .setLifecycleRules(
            ImmutableList.of(
                new LifecycleRule(
                    LifecycleAction.newDeleteAction(),
                    LifecycleCondition.newBuilder().setAge(100).build())))
        .build()
        .update();

    System.out.println("Lifecycle management was enabled and configured for bucket " + bucketName);
  }
}

以下範例會從 bucket 移除所有現有的生命週期設定：

import com.google.cloud.storage.Bucket;
import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage;
import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage.BucketTargetOption;
import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions;

public class DisableLifecycleManagement {
  public static void disableLifecycleManagement(String projectId, String bucketName) {
    // The ID of your GCP project
    // String projectId = "your-project-id";

    // The ID of your GCS bucket
    // String bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name";

    Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuilder().setProjectId(projectId).build().getService();
    // first look up the bucket, so we will have its metageneration
    Bucket bucket = storage.get(bucketName);
    storage.update(
        bucket.toBuilder().deleteLifecycleRules().build(),
        BucketTargetOption.metagenerationMatch());

    System.out.println("Lifecycle management was disabled for bucket " + bucketName);
  }
}

Node.js

詳情請參閱 Cloud Storage Node.js API 參考文件。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

下列範例會為 bucket 設定生命週期：

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
 */
// The ID of your GCS bucket
// const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {Storage} = require('@google-cloud/storage');

// Creates a client
const storage = new Storage();

async function enableBucketLifecycleManagement() {
  const [metadata] = await storage.bucket(bucketName).addLifecycleRule({
    action: {
      type: 'Delete',
    },
    condition: {age: 100},
  });

  console.log(
    `Lifecycle management is enabled for bucket ${bucketName} and the rules are:`
  );

  console.log(metadata.lifecycle.rule);
}

enableBucketLifecycleManagement().catch(console.error);

下列範例會從 bucket 移除任何現有的生命週期設定：

/**
 * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
 */
// The ID of your GCS bucket
// const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name';

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {Storage} = require('@google-cloud/storage');

// Creates a client
const storage = new Storage();

async function disableBucketLifecycleManagement() {
  await storage.bucket(bucketName).setMetadata({lifecycle: null});

  console.log(`Lifecycle management is disabled for bucket ${bucketName}`);
}

disableBucketLifecycleManagement().catch(console.error);

PHP

詳情請參閱 Cloud Storage PHP API 參考文件。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

下列範例會在 bucket 上設定生命週期設定：

use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient;
use Google\Cloud\Storage\Bucket;

/**
 * Enable bucket lifecycle management.
 *
 * @param string $bucketName The name of your Cloud Storage bucket.
 *        (e.g. 'my-bucket')
 */
function enable_bucket_lifecycle_management(string $bucketName): void
{
    $storage = new StorageClient();
    $bucket = $storage->bucket($bucketName);

    $lifecycle = Bucket::lifecycle()
        ->addDeleteRule([
            'age' => 100
        ]);

    $bucket->update([
        'lifecycle' => $lifecycle
    ]);

    $lifecycle = $bucket->currentLifecycle();

    printf('Lifecycle management is enabled for bucket %s and the rules are:' . PHP_EOL, $bucketName);
    foreach ($lifecycle as $rule) {
        print_r($rule);
        print(PHP_EOL);
    }
}

下列範例會從 bucket 移除任何現有的生命週期設定：

use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient;

/**
 * Disable bucket lifecycle management.
 *
 * @param string $bucketName The name of your Cloud Storage bucket.
 *        (e.g. 'my-bucket')
 */
function disable_bucket_lifecycle_management(string $bucketName): void
{
    $storage = new StorageClient();

    $bucket = $storage->bucket($bucketName);

    $bucket->update([
        'lifecycle' => null
    ]);

    printf('Lifecycle management is disabled for bucket %s.' . PHP_EOL, $bucketName);
}

Python

詳情請參閱「Cloud Storage Python API 參考文件」。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

下列範例會在 bucket 上設定生命週期設定：

from google.cloud import storage


def enable_bucket_lifecycle_management(bucket_name):
    """Enable lifecycle management for a bucket"""
    # bucket_name = "my-bucket"

    storage_client = storage.Client()

    bucket = storage_client.get_bucket(bucket_name)
    rules = bucket.lifecycle_rules

    print(f"Lifecycle management rules for bucket {bucket_name} are {list(rules)}")
    bucket.add_lifecycle_delete_rule(age=2)
    bucket.patch()

    rules = bucket.lifecycle_rules
    print(f"Lifecycle management is enable for bucket {bucket_name} and the rules are {list(rules)}")

    return bucket

下列範例會從 bucket 移除任何現有的生命週期設定：

from google.cloud import storage


def disable_bucket_lifecycle_management(bucket_name):
    """Disable lifecycle management for a bucket"""
    # bucket_name = "my-bucket"

    storage_client = storage.Client()

    bucket = storage_client.get_bucket(bucket_name)
    bucket.clear_lifecyle_rules()
    bucket.patch()
    rules = bucket.lifecycle_rules

    print(f"Lifecycle management is disable for bucket {bucket_name} and the rules are {list(rules)}")
    return bucket

Ruby

詳情請參閱「Cloud Storage Ruby API 參考文件」。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

下列範例會在 bucket 上設定生命週期設定：

def enable_bucket_lifecycle_management bucket_name:
  # Enable lifecycle management for a bucket
  # The ID of your GCS bucket
  # bucket_name = "your-unique-bucket-name"

  require "google/cloud/storage"

  storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
  bucket = storage.bucket bucket_name

  rules = bucket.lifecycle do |l|
    l.add_delete_rule age: 2
  end

  puts "Lifecycle management is enabled for bucket #{bucket_name} and the rules are #{rules}"
end

以下範例會從 bucket 移除所有現有的生命週期設定：

def disable_bucket_lifecycle_management bucket_name:
  # Disable lifecycle management for a bucket
  # The ID of your GCS bucket
  # bucket_name = "your-unique-bucket-name"

  require "google/cloud/storage"

  storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
  bucket = storage.bucket bucket_name

  bucket.lifecycle do |l|
    l.clear
  end

  puts "Lifecycle management is disabled for bucket #{bucket_name}"
end

Rust

下列範例會為 bucket 設定生命週期：

use google_cloud_storage::client::StorageControl;
use google_cloud_storage::model::bucket::Lifecycle;
use google_cloud_storage::model::bucket::lifecycle::{
    Rule,
    rule::{Action, Condition},
};
use google_cloud_wkt::FieldMask;

pub async fn sample(client: &StorageControl, bucket_id: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let bucket = client
        .get_bucket()
        .set_name(format!("projects/_/buckets/{bucket_id}"))
        .send()
        .await?;
    let metageneration = bucket.metageneration;
    let rule = Rule::new()
        .set_action(Action::new().set_type("Delete"))
        .set_condition(Condition::new().set_age_days(30));
    let lifecycle = Lifecycle::new().set_rule(vec![rule]);
    let bucket = client
        .update_bucket()
        .set_bucket(bucket.set_lifecycle(lifecycle))
        .set_if_metageneration_match(metageneration)
        .set_update_mask(FieldMask::default().set_paths(["lifecycle"]))
        .send()
        .await?;
    println!("Lifecycle management enabled for bucket {bucket_id}: {bucket:?}");
    Ok(())
}

下列範例會從 bucket 移除任何現有的生命週期設定：

use google_cloud_storage::client::StorageControl;
use google_cloud_storage::model::bucket::Lifecycle;
use google_cloud_wkt::FieldMask;

pub async fn sample(client: &StorageControl, bucket_id: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let bucket = client
        .get_bucket()
        .set_name(format!("projects/_/buckets/{bucket_id}"))
        .send()
        .await?;
    let metageneration = bucket.metageneration;
    let bucket = client
        .update_bucket()
        .set_bucket(bucket.set_lifecycle(Lifecycle::new()))
        .set_if_metageneration_match(metageneration)
        .set_update_mask(FieldMask::default().set_paths(["lifecycle"]))
        .send()
        .await?;
    println!("Lifecycle management disabled for bucket {bucket_id}: {bucket:?}");
    Ok(())
}

Terraform

您可以使用 Terraform 資源，為 Terraform 管理的值區設定生命週期。如要為尚未由 Terraform 管理的現有 bucket 設定生命週期設定，請先匯入現有 bucket。

如要瞭解 Terraform 是否支援某個生命週期條件，請參閱 Terraform 說明文件中的 condition 區塊。

resource "random_id" "bucket_prefix" {
  byte_length = 8
}

resource "google_storage_bucket" "auto_expire" {
  provider = google-beta
  name     = "${random_id.bucket_prefix.hex}-example-bucket"
  location = "US"

  lifecycle_rule {
    condition {
      age = 3
    }
    action {
      type = "Delete"
    }
  }
}

REST API

JSON API

安裝並初始化 gcloud CLI，以便為 Authorization 標頭產生存取權杖。
建立 JSON 檔案，其中包含您要套用的生命週期設定規則。如需 JSON 檔案範例，請參閱設定範例。

使用 cURL 來透過 PATCH 值區要求呼叫 JSON API：

curl -X PATCH --data-binary @LIFECYCLE_CONFIG_FILE \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  "https://storage.s3nsapis.fr/storage/v1/b/BUCKET_NAME?fields=lifecycle"

其中：

LIFECYCLE_CONFIG_FILE 是您在步驟 2 建立的 JSON 檔案路徑。
BUCKET_NAME 是相關 bucket 的名稱。例如：my-bucket。

XML API

安裝並初始化 gcloud CLI，以便為 Authorization 標頭產生存取權杖。
建立 XML 檔案，內含要套用的生命週期設定規則。如需 XML 檔案範例，請參閱設定範例。
使用 cURL 呼叫 XML API，並提供 PUT Bucket 要求和 lifecycle 查詢字串參數：
```
curl -X PUT --data-binary @XML_FILE_NAME \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
  "https://storage.s3nsapis.fr/BUCKET_NAME?lifecycle"
```
其中：
- XML_FILE_NAME 是您在步驟 2 建立的 XML 檔案路徑。
- BUCKET_NAME 是相關 bucket 的名稱。例如：my-bucket。

查看 bucket 的生命週期設定

控制台

前往 Cloud de Confiance 控制台的「Cloud Storage bucket」頁面。
前往「Buckets」(值區) 頁面
您可以在值區清單中的「Lifecycle」(生命週期) 欄找到每個值區的生命週期狀態。

按一下這個狀態，即可新增、查看、編輯和刪除規則。

如要瞭解如何在 Cloud de Confiance 控制台中取得 Cloud Storage 作業失敗的詳細錯誤資訊，請參閱「疑難排解」一文。

指令列

使用 gcloud storage buckets describe 指令搭配 --format 旗標：

gcloud storage buckets describe gs://BUCKET_NAME --format="default(lifecycle_config)"

其中 BUCKET_NAME 是要查看生命週期設定的 bucket 名稱。例如：my-bucket。

用戶端程式庫

C++

詳情請參閱 Cloud Storage C++ API 參考文件。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

namespace gcs = ::google::cloud::storage;
using ::google::cloud::StatusOr;
[](gcs::Client client, std::string const& bucket_name) {
  StatusOr<gcs::BucketMetadata> updated_metadata =
      client.GetBucketMetadata(bucket_name);
  if (!updated_metadata) throw std::move(updated_metadata).status();

  if (!updated_metadata->has_lifecycle() ||
      updated_metadata->lifecycle().rule.empty()) {
    std::cout << "Bucket lifecycle management is not enabled for bucket "
              << updated_metadata->name() << ".\n";
    return;
  }
  std::cout << "Bucket lifecycle management is enabled for bucket "
            << updated_metadata->name() << ".\n";
  std::cout << "The bucket lifecycle rules are";
  for (auto const& kv : updated_metadata->lifecycle().rule) {
    std::cout << "\n " << kv.condition() << ", " << kv.action();
  }
  std::cout << "\n";
}

C#

詳情請參閱 Cloud Storage C# API 參考文件。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

如要查看 bucket 的生命週期政策，請按照顯示 bucket 中繼資料的指示操作，並在回應中尋找生命週期政策欄位。


using Google.Apis.Storage.v1.Data;
using Google.Cloud.Storage.V1;
using System;

public class GetBucketMetadataSample
{
    public Bucket GetBucketMetadata(string bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name")
    {
        var storage = StorageClient.Create();
        var bucket = storage.GetBucket(bucketName, new GetBucketOptions { Projection = Projection.Full });
        Console.WriteLine($"Bucket:\t{bucket.Name}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Acl:\t{bucket.Acl}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Billing:\t{bucket.Billing}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Cors:\t{bucket.Cors}");
        Console.WriteLine($"DefaultEventBasedHold:\t{bucket.DefaultEventBasedHold}");
        Console.WriteLine($"DefaultObjectAcl:\t{bucket.DefaultObjectAcl}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Encryption:\t{bucket.Encryption}");
        if (bucket.Encryption != null)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"KmsKeyName:\t{bucket.Encryption.DefaultKmsKeyName}");
        }
        Console.WriteLine($"Id:\t{bucket.Id}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Kind:\t{bucket.Kind}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Lifecycle:\t{bucket.Lifecycle}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Location:\t{bucket.Location}");
        Console.WriteLine($"LocationType:\t{bucket.LocationType}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Logging:\t{bucket.Logging}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Metageneration:\t{bucket.Metageneration}");
        Console.WriteLine($"ObjectRetention:\t{bucket.ObjectRetention}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Owner:\t{bucket.Owner}");
        Console.WriteLine($"ProjectNumber:\t{bucket.ProjectNumber}");
        Console.WriteLine($"RetentionPolicy:\t{bucket.RetentionPolicy}");
        Console.WriteLine($"SelfLink:\t{bucket.SelfLink}");
        Console.WriteLine($"StorageClass:\t{bucket.StorageClass}");
        Console.WriteLine($"TimeCreated:\t{bucket.TimeCreated}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Updated:\t{bucket.Updated}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Versioning:\t{bucket.Versioning}");
        Console.WriteLine($"Website:\t{bucket.Website}");
        Console.WriteLine($"TurboReplication:\t{bucket.Rpo}");
        if (bucket.Labels != null)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Labels:");
            foreach (var label in bucket.Labels)
            {
                Console.WriteLine($"{label.Key}:\t{label.Value}");
            }
        }
        return bucket;
    }
}

Go

詳情請參閱「Cloud Storage Go API 參考文件」。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

如要查看 bucket 的生命週期政策，請按照操作說明顯示 bucket 的中繼資料，並在回應中尋找生命週期政策欄位。

import (
	"context"
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"time"

	"cloud.google.com/go/storage"
)

// getBucketMetadata gets the bucket metadata.
func getBucketMetadata(w io.Writer, bucketName string) (*storage.BucketAttrs, error) {
	// bucketName := "bucket-name"
	ctx := context.Background()
	client, err := storage.NewClient(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("storage.NewClient: %w", err)
	}
	defer client.Close()

	ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Second*10)
	defer cancel()
	attrs, err := client.Bucket(bucketName).Attrs(ctx)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Bucket(%q).Attrs: %w", bucketName, err)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "BucketName: %v\n", attrs.Name)
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Location: %v\n", attrs.Location)
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "LocationType: %v\n", attrs.LocationType)
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "StorageClass: %v\n", attrs.StorageClass)
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Turbo replication (RPO): %v\n", attrs.RPO)
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "TimeCreated: %v\n", attrs.Created)
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "Metageneration: %v\n", attrs.MetaGeneration)
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "PredefinedACL: %v\n", attrs.PredefinedACL)
	if attrs.Encryption != nil {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "DefaultKmsKeyName: %v\n", attrs.Encryption.DefaultKMSKeyName)
	}
	if attrs.Website != nil {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "IndexPage: %v\n", attrs.Website.MainPageSuffix)
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "NotFoundPage: %v\n", attrs.Website.NotFoundPage)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "DefaultEventBasedHold: %v\n", attrs.DefaultEventBasedHold)
	if attrs.RetentionPolicy != nil {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "RetentionEffectiveTime: %v\n", attrs.RetentionPolicy.EffectiveTime)
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "RetentionPeriod: %v\n", attrs.RetentionPolicy.RetentionPeriod)
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "RetentionPolicyIsLocked: %v\n", attrs.RetentionPolicy.IsLocked)
	}
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "ObjectRetentionMode: %v\n", attrs.ObjectRetentionMode)
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "RequesterPays: %v\n", attrs.RequesterPays)
	fmt.Fprintf(w, "VersioningEnabled: %v\n", attrs.VersioningEnabled)
	if attrs.Logging != nil {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "LogBucket: %v\n", attrs.Logging.LogBucket)
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "LogObjectPrefix: %v\n", attrs.Logging.LogObjectPrefix)
	}
	if attrs.CORS != nil {
		fmt.Fprintln(w, "CORS:")
		for _, v := range attrs.CORS {
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "\tMaxAge: %v\n", v.MaxAge)
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "\tMethods: %v\n", v.Methods)
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "\tOrigins: %v\n", v.Origins)
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "\tResponseHeaders: %v\n", v.ResponseHeaders)
		}
	}
	if attrs.Labels != nil {
		fmt.Fprintf(w, "\n\n\nLabels:")
		for key, value := range attrs.Labels {
			fmt.Fprintf(w, "\t%v = %v\n", key, value)
		}
	}
	return attrs, nil
}

Java

詳情請參閱「Cloud Storage Java API 參考文件」。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

如要查看 bucket 的生命週期政策，請按照操作說明顯示 bucket 的中繼資料，並在回應中尋找生命週期政策欄位。


import com.google.cloud.storage.Bucket;
import com.google.cloud.storage.BucketInfo;
import com.google.cloud.storage.Storage;
import com.google.cloud.storage.StorageOptions;
import java.util.Map;

public class GetBucketMetadata {
  public static void getBucketMetadata(String projectId, String bucketName) {
    // The ID of your GCP project
    // String projectId = "your-project-id";

    // The ID of your GCS bucket
    // String bucketName = "your-unique-bucket-name";

    Storage storage = StorageOptions.newBuilder().setProjectId(projectId).build().getService();

    // Select all fields. Fields can be selected individually e.g. Storage.BucketField.NAME
    Bucket bucket =
        storage.get(bucketName, Storage.BucketGetOption.fields(Storage.BucketField.values()));

    // Print bucket metadata
    System.out.println("BucketName: " + bucket.getName());
    System.out.println("DefaultEventBasedHold: " + bucket.getDefaultEventBasedHold());
    System.out.println("DefaultKmsKeyName: " + bucket.getDefaultKmsKeyName());
    System.out.println("Id: " + bucket.getGeneratedId());
    System.out.println("IndexPage: " + bucket.getIndexPage());
    System.out.println("Location: " + bucket.getLocation());
    System.out.println("LocationType: " + bucket.getLocationType());
    System.out.println("Metageneration: " + bucket.getMetageneration());
    System.out.println("NotFoundPage: " + bucket.getNotFoundPage());
    System.out.println("RetentionEffectiveTime: " + bucket.getRetentionEffectiveTime());
    System.out.println("RetentionPeriod: " + bucket.getRetentionPeriod());
    System.out.println("RetentionPolicyIsLocked: " + bucket.retentionPolicyIsLocked());
    System.out.println("RequesterPays: " + bucket.requesterPays());
    System.out.println("SelfLink: " + bucket.getSelfLink());
    System.out.println("StorageClass: " + bucket.getStorageClass().name());
    System.out.println("TimeCreated: " + bucket.getCreateTime());
    System.out.println("VersioningEnabled: " + bucket.versioningEnabled());
    System.out.println("ObjectRetention: " + bucket.getObjectRetention());
    if (bucket.getLabels() != null) {
      System.out.println("\n\n\nLabels:");
      for (Map.Entry<String, String> label : bucket.getLabels().entrySet()) {
        System.out.println(label.getKey() + "=" + label.getValue());
      }
    }
    if (bucket.getLifecycleRules() != null) {
      System.out.println("\n\n\nLifecycle Rules:");
      for (BucketInfo.LifecycleRule rule : bucket.getLifecycleRules()) {
        System.out.println(rule);
      }
    }
  }
}

Node.js

詳情請參閱 Cloud Storage Node.js API 參考文件。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

如要查看 bucket 的生命週期政策，請按照操作說明顯示 bucket 的中繼資料，並在回應中尋找生命週期政策欄位。

// Imports the Google Cloud client library
const {Storage} = require('@google-cloud/storage');

// Creates a client
const storage = new Storage();

async function getBucketMetadata() {
  /**
   * TODO(developer): Uncomment the following lines before running the sample.
   */
  // The ID of your GCS bucket
  // const bucketName = 'your-unique-bucket-name';

  // Get Bucket Metadata
  const [metadata] = await storage.bucket(bucketName).getMetadata();

  console.log(JSON.stringify(metadata, null, 2));
}

PHP

詳情請參閱 Cloud Storage PHP API 參考文件。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

如要查看 bucket 的生命週期政策，請按照操作說明顯示 bucket 的中繼資料，並在回應中尋找生命週期政策欄位。

use Google\Cloud\Storage\StorageClient;

/**
 * Get bucket metadata.
 *
 * @param string $bucketName The name of your Cloud Storage bucket.
 *        (e.g. 'my-bucket')
 */
function get_bucket_metadata(string $bucketName): void
{
    $storage = new StorageClient();
    $bucket = $storage->bucket($bucketName);
    $info = $bucket->info();

    printf('Bucket Metadata: %s' . PHP_EOL, print_r($info, true));
}

Python

詳情請參閱 Cloud Storage Python API 參考文件。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

如要查看 bucket 的生命週期政策，請按照操作說明顯示 bucket 的中繼資料，並在回應中尋找生命週期政策欄位。


from google.cloud import storage


def bucket_metadata(bucket_name):
    """Prints out a bucket's metadata."""
    # bucket_name = 'your-bucket-name'

    storage_client = storage.Client()
    bucket = storage_client.get_bucket(bucket_name)

    print(f"ID: {bucket.id}")
    print(f"Name: {bucket.name}")
    print(f"Storage Class: {bucket.storage_class}")
    print(f"Location: {bucket.location}")
    print(f"Location Type: {bucket.location_type}")
    print(f"Cors: {bucket.cors}")
    print(f"Default Event Based Hold: {bucket.default_event_based_hold}")
    print(f"Default KMS Key Name: {bucket.default_kms_key_name}")
    print(f"Metageneration: {bucket.metageneration}")
    print(
        f"Public Access Prevention: {bucket.iam_configuration.public_access_prevention}"
    )
    print(f"Retention Effective Time: {bucket.retention_policy_effective_time}")
    print(f"Retention Period: {bucket.retention_period}")
    print(f"Retention Policy Locked: {bucket.retention_policy_locked}")
    print(f"Object Retention Mode: {bucket.object_retention_mode}")
    print(f"Requester Pays: {bucket.requester_pays}")
    print(f"Self Link: {bucket.self_link}")
    print(f"Time Created: {bucket.time_created}")
    print(f"Versioning Enabled: {bucket.versioning_enabled}")
    print(f"Labels: {bucket.labels}")

Ruby

詳情請參閱 Cloud Storage Ruby API 參考文件。

如要向 Cloud Storage 進行驗證，請設定應用程式預設憑證。詳情請參閱「設定用戶端程式庫的驗證機制」。

執行程式碼範例前，請將 GOOGLE_CLOUD_UNIVERSE_DOMAIN 環境變數設為 s3nsapis.fr。

如要查看 bucket 的生命週期政策，請按照操作說明顯示 bucket 的中繼資料，並在回應中尋找生命週期政策欄位。

def get_bucket_metadata bucket_name:
  # The ID of your GCS bucket
  # bucket_name = "your-unique-bucket-name"

  require "google/cloud/storage"

  storage = Google::Cloud::Storage.new
  bucket  = storage.bucket bucket_name

  puts "ID:                       #{bucket.id}"
  puts "Name:                     #{bucket.name}"
  puts "Storage Class:            #{bucket.storage_class}"
  puts "Location:                 #{bucket.location}"
  puts "Location Type:            #{bucket.location_type}"
  puts "Cors:                     #{bucket.cors}"
  puts "Default Event Based Hold: #{bucket.default_event_based_hold?}"
  puts "Default KMS Key Name:     #{bucket.default_kms_key}"
  puts "Logging Bucket:           #{bucket.logging_bucket}"
  puts "Logging Prefix:           #{bucket.logging_prefix}"
  puts "Metageneration:           #{bucket.metageneration}"
  puts "Retention Effective Time: #{bucket.retention_effective_at}"
  puts "Retention Period:         #{bucket.retention_period}"
  puts "Retention Policy Locked:  #{bucket.retention_policy_locked?}"
  puts "Requester Pays:           #{bucket.requester_pays}"
  puts "Self Link:                #{bucket.api_url}"
  puts "Time Created:             #{bucket.created_at}"
  puts "Versioning Enabled:       #{bucket.versioning?}"
  puts "Index Page:               #{bucket.website_main}"
  puts "Not Found Page:           #{bucket.website_404}"
  puts "Labels:"
  bucket.labels.each do |key, value|
    puts " - #{key} = #{value}"
  end
  puts "Lifecycle Rules:"
  bucket.lifecycle.each do |rule|
    puts "#{rule.action} - #{rule.storage_class} - #{rule.age} - #{rule.matches_storage_class}"
  end
end

Rust

use google_cloud_storage::client::StorageControl;

pub async fn sample(client: &StorageControl, bucket_id: &str) -> anyhow::Result<()> {
    let bucket = client
        .get_bucket()
        .set_name(format!("projects/_/buckets/{bucket_id}"))
        .send()
        .await?;
    println!(
        "Lifecycle rules for bucket {}: {:?}",
        bucket_id, bucket.lifecycle
    );
    Ok(())
}

REST API

JSON API

安裝並初始化 gcloud CLI，以便為 Authorization 標頭產生存取權杖。

使用 cURL 來透過 GET 值區要求呼叫 JSON API：

curl -X GET \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
  "https://storage.s3nsapis.fr/storage/v1/b/BUCKET_NAME?fields=lifecycle"

其中 BUCKET_NAME 是相關 bucket 的名稱。例如：my-bucket。

XML API

安裝並初始化 gcloud CLI，以便為 Authorization 標頭產生存取權杖。
使用 cURL 呼叫 XML API，並傳送 GET Bucket 要求和 lifecycle 查詢字串參數：
```
curl -X GET \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer $(gcloud auth print-access-token)" \
  "https://storage.s3nsapis.fr/BUCKET_NAME?lifecycle"
```
其中 BUCKET_NAME 是相關 bucket 的名稱。例如：my-bucket。

後續步驟

進一步瞭解物件生命週期管理，包括可用的生命週期動作和生命週期條件。
參閱生命週期設定範例。